the marketing attractions podcast

Conversations on How Nonprofit Attractions Drive Attendance Through Marketing

Spotlight: Eric Donovan, Chief Operating Officer at Elmwood Park Zoo

Eric and the Elmwood Park Zoo are working to make their zoo more accessible, inclusive, and inviting to everyone.

We talk to Eric about how the team turned bold questions into real change—like letting dogs visit the zoo and becoming the first Certified Autism Center zoo in the world.

Eric shares:

  • The behind-the-scenes process of creating a dog-friendly program that staff and animals could all get behind
  • Why “Yappy Hours” became a marketing superpower
  • How accessibility upgrades went from “nice-to-have” to core strategy
  • The mindset shift that keeps Elmwood innovating: don’t stay in your lane


This podcast is produced by attend media.

Attend helps nonprofit attractions drive visitation through paid media. Download our free guide to media planning for nonprofit attractions at our site – attend.media

Episode Transcript:

You’re listening to the Marketing Attractions podcast. Conversations on how nonprofit attractions are increasing attendance and sharing their missions through marketing. Your hosts are Ryan Dick and Jenny Williams of Attend Media. Jenny, today we got a spotlight episode joining us on the podcast is Eric Donovan. He is the Chief Operating Officer at the Elmwood Park Zoo. Jenny, I think the theme of this episode here is innovation. Some of the stuff that they’re doing at Elmwood Park is a little bit different than others use across the country. Yeah, I think a lot of first, right? So they definitely live by the motto of don’t be the person to tell yourself no. So we’re going to talk to Eric about a couple things today in terms of innovative approaches that they’ve had. And I think one of the really cool things about this is how each of these events or each of these will say removal of the barriers to entry for different audiences helps bring in a new audience, helps reach more people in your community, helps make the zoo something that can be for everyone. And as marketers, that’s something that is gold, right? So excited again to this conversation with Eric to share more about how they’re doing that. Yeah, and your point of view for your marketing work that you do has always been focusing on those advertising dollars on reaching new audiences. Well, Eric, you know, he’s the CEO. So he’s kind of looking at this like, well, what can we build in terms to reach those new audiences? So we’re going to talk about bringing dogs into a zoo, right? Which not a lot of zoos are doing. They’re selling dog tickets. And that incredible. Talk about how that’s leading into those new audiences, right? They were the first certified zoo that’s a certified autism center. It’s amazing. And I think the bigger story, we maybe were bearing the lead a little bit, but this was a zoo that 10, 12 years ago was on the brink of bankruptcy. And now they’re pushing almost a million, a million visitors a year. So just the evolution at the turnaround of the zoo is kind of an inspiring story. Yeah, let’s get into it. Hey, Eric, welcome to the podcast. Thank you for having me. Yeah, we met up in AZA and we had a couple conversations. So I’m super excited. You’re taking the time to share your thoughts with us. We really appreciate it. All right. So I did get to Elwood Park Zoo. Why is this? How did you land in this space? How did I get here? Well, it’s been 21 years actually since I started here coming up in March. And oddly enough, it was by way of my high school basketball coach. His wife was the director of guest services here at the time. And she was looking for people higher. And she happened to come to one of our practices. Now mind you, like years and years before that, since I was eight years old, I work with my dad. And so I was always with him on the weekends doing, you know, different renovation jobs. But it was always like, you know, I was under under the age and not not a real, real job. So I found out that she was hiring. And I was like, yeah, I’ll do it. I want to be on it. And on the book’s job, how cool is that? Right? So I got through all the stuff and Saturday rolled around and I said to my parents, I need somebody to take me to the zoo. And they were like, why? I was like, Oh, I have a job. I got a job there. And they were like, what? But I was 14, 15 years old. So I didn’t have a car. I didn’t have a license. So I needed to somehow get there. And, uh, yeah. So they got me there. And mind you, I growing up never had any pets in my life. Nothing. Right? But I always loved zoos. I always loved animals. But I also didn’t consider that I’d also maybe be working with animals because it was in guest services. So pull up by clock in. People are showing me around and then they tell me you’re going to do your first day at the pony rides as a pony ride attendant. And I nearly, you know, blank myself there. But went down and, you know, they showed me the ropes and everything went fine. You know, it’s certainly not the way we do things today where we just throw somebody into an animal and counter experience. That’s not how it works. So this was the zoo of the past, I suppose. But it was definitely like, wow, okay, I’m in this. And then so for the next several years, I worked in the guest service department in all sorts of jobs. I went to college during all this time. I got a background in film and video production and screenwriting from Los Al University, although I was still working at the zoo. And then when I graduated, I was still working here five days a week. I was cleaning the grade school that I went to five nights a week. I was doing a local online journalism for what’s called the patch just for the local area. So I was writing articles for that. It’s just a staff writer. On the weekends, I was still working with my dad at a local family’s house doing landscaping. And there’s one of me. Am I missing one? That should be five. Is that five? Did we count that? But any of those hours of the day, right? Yeah, I mean, just like just, you know, rang it out as much as I could. So yeah, I was working five jobs. Oh, my fifth was I was a freelance videographer for a sports recruiting company. So we would tape college and high school football games mostly. And then we would turn them in packages so that they could be sent to recruiters to recruit them to college or to professional sports. So I did that any random times. That was freelance. So that was kind of like the journalism stuff. I was just all over the place with that whenever it was available. Ended up doing equipment managing for that too, which was interesting. And then still working at the zoo and 2011 rolled around. It was August. It was like the week after my birthday. So maybe this was like a little birthday gift or anything. But we had a major turnover in our senior leadership from the top down basically over those next couple months. But that week, they were in need of a new leadership in the guest services department. And having been there for a long time, it kind of just rolled right on to me because I was here. I know how everything was working. So they asked me if I would, you know, step into that position and give in everything else I was doing. I was like, this is great full-time job, you know, just settle in with this for a little bit, you know, less than the chaos in my life. But taking on this job was like, is like taking on like a million different jobs anyway. So it really kind of was just if it really changes a lot, like a jackpot. No, no, I mean, it was like, well, I really say Robin Peter to pay Paul, you know, I was just stopping those jobs, but doing a thousand others when they started here. But it’s been great. And that same week our executive director and CEO now, Al Zown, he started as an interim business manager. And so the two of us kind of really got acquainted and kind of rolled back our sleeves and just started working hard at trying to figure out what we needed to do to turn the zoo around. And we literally shared a six-foot folding table, which proved to be not enough space. I don’t know if you can believe that two people, you know, can share a six-foot space and not have enough room, huh? And didn’t your CEO use to play football? I mean, he’s not a… Yeah, yeah. So he did college, obviously, football throughout his life and was signed to the Tennessee Titans and then did a little bit of, I think, Canadian football as well. All right. So six-foot table with a linebacker. Yeah, I’m here with… Yeah, exactly. Yeah, I’m already a big guy myself and I’ve got, you know, where are you maxing out the six-foot table? But, you know, we were digging in and he ultimately realized that I needed more space just because I was doing all the guest service stuff and he was kind of figuring out the rest of the zoo. So he literally took the trash can next to me, flipped it over and that’s what he used as his desk, you know? So, I mean, from the get-go, I knew what kind of guy this was and what he was willing to do to get this place moving. So it’s been a lot of fun, you know? From there, we just kind of dug her heels in. We were doing things as simple as making preventative maintenance programs, which weren’t in place, you know? You can’t operate a place and make it look like it’s going to close. You have to be operating like you’re staying open because you need to build that confidence in your guests, particularly your members. You know, those are the people that have been supporting this place for years and years and years. You want to make sure that they know that where they’re putting their money, it’s going to take them there again and again and again and that we’re doing something with their money and we’re doing the right things. So that’s kind of where it started and then it’s, you know, really blossomed into something amazing. So that year, that was 2011, there’s 120,000 visitors in attendance, about 1,900 members, I want to say. And, you know, in these last couple years, it’s, it’s bloomed up to almost a million visitors annually. We’re at about 90,000 membership households. It may be close to 100,000 now. That translates into about 500,000-ish individual members within that whole category. So we’ve become definitely a neighborhood and local attraction, well known and cherished. And we’re just continuing to spread our wings and grow to today. And I’m happy to go through some of the history of kind of where we went from then till now if you want to hear about it. Yeah, you guys look some like big evolutionary steps, but Jenny, I want to kind of dig into your CEO role. Eric CEO role, like, we talked about like the day of the life, like how big is your team? Just set the stage for us a little bit. Yeah, so in, like in many ways, my team is everybody in some ways, I’m a one man person as well, you know? But we have awesome departments that have all their own teams and everybody works together. And so there’s myself, the COO, Alzone, our CEO and executive director. And then there’s also Reffelene and Asalini, our chief financial officer. And then on the animal side of things we have Dr. Michelle Goodman, she is our director of animal care. And she oversees our education department, our animal keeper department, and our veterinary department, which then they have all their own teams there. That probably is about 40 individuals there. And then on the other side again, then we have our services department, which is about a dozen full time individuals, but that goes up to, you know, the 50, 60s range in season. So you’ll have your part timers and seasonals there. We have our marketing department, which is a team of three with our director of marketing Sean Rogers. And then we have a development department of three and we have a sales department of four. And then of course we have our our our ground support, which is our facilities and grounds, which is led by our director of facilities and grounds Stephanie and her team of about 10. And then finally our our maintenance team of four actually, which is pretty incredible for the amount of stuff they have to get done with our director maintenance mat there. So you know, it’s a great it’s a great group of people. We have about 10 or so individuals in the senior leadership team. And you know, we meet weekly to make sure that everything’s kind of running smoothly. I lead those meetings to make sure that everybody’s got FaceTime, you know, how hard it is to be able to coordinate with this many people in this many departments. But if we’re not doing that, then nothing’s working. So I tend to just be like the oil to get everybody together and moving. And they all do amazing jobs to support their teams. So I know we’re going to go into a lot of the, you know, the revolution, a lot of things you’re doing. You just describe the team. So you guys are doing so many events. Again, we’re going to talk about that in a minute. But do you have an events team as well? Two, that fall under kind of, you know, you does a fall under your marketing department house, that’s structured back in the day. It fell under me. Not anymore, which is great. Yeah, we started our sales and events team kind of started back when Alan and I started together. That’s when we started to create that kind of events program. We went from in our first year, which I’m going to call 2012, about four weddings a year. That’s bloomed up to over 50 weddings a year plus countless other social events. Our corporate business is very big now, which is really important and a big, a big piece of, of our sales. But yeah, so it started as, you know, internally within guest services, you know, with me and then several other individuals. And today it’s now a team of four in our sales department. So they sell all the different events. So you know, each of them kind of has their specific area, but they all work together. So one will sell corporate, one will sell social, one will sell the weddings, one just sells different kind of group gathering type of pieces. And then they work hand in hand with guest services and our catering team to execute the events. So it goes back and forth between the two groups mainly. Got it. Well, let’s, let’s talk about that evolution, right? From a 120,000 to, we’ll just call it a million. Yeah, so much over the roughly what just just over 10 years or so, you know, since that that leadership change, tell us about the story of the giraffe. So I feel like that was a big story in terms of kind of the evolution of what you were able to bring with Elmwood Zoo. So why don’t you share that with us? Yeah. Yeah. So taking just one step back, you know, we kind of got our feet in and heels in in 2011, late 2011. So we let 2012 be the first year of just getting the operation right, getting everything smoothed out, making sure everything was working and doing the best that it could, right? And then 2013, rolled along. And our CEO, Al, he worked with our curator at the time, Dave Wood, wanted to find something that would be really attractive, really a wow factor. We needed something to bust out the gates and say, we’re here, we’re here to stay, and we can’t wait till you come and see us again, because this is a whole new zoo. And so that ended up being the giraffe exhibit for us. And so with the help of a local donor, we were able to build the initial giraffe exhibit, I say initial, because there are many iterations and another iteration to come in the next month and a half. But we started with this giraffe exhibit. And the big thing was that we were going to do hand feedings every single day to everybody that wanted to do it for a nominal fee. It was like, I think it started around two or three dollars when we first did this. And our curator was very much on board, and so we ended up working with the service out of, I believe it was Ohio, through the ASEA, to make the exhibit a seasonal temporary exhibit. So they came in, I want to say April or so, and they stayed with us till after Labor Day. And then they would go back to that facility, because at the time, we only had it as an outdoor facility for them, so we couldn’t house them. And it was gangbusters. I mean, we went from that 120,000 visitors, we added at least another 100,000 on by the end of that when all of a sudden done. And this is, we’re talking about a zoo that, with prior leadership, not me, was on the verge of closure at the end of 2010. So to go from that 120 to year before and then double that, it was pretty incredible. And it started to sink in with our local base here that the zoo is going to start going places, and we wanted to keep building on that memento. So the giraffe came back another year, and then we were able to start upgrading other exhibits and adding new exhibits to that. So the giraffe came back, had another great year, added another 100,000 in attendance, it almost went up 100,000, almost every single year after that. And so then we started putting in some other exhibits like the Red Panda exhibit. So that started to expand our scope in terms of our geographic collection. We had been a North and South American species zoo for a very long time. So this was now giving our guests an opportunity to see animals that they had never seen in our zoo before. So we had the Red Panda, we added Zebra into the collection, and it just kept going and kept going. And then we made the giraffe exhibit permanent around, I want to say 2015 or so, the same donor that helped us fund the initial build, then funded the indoor year round enclosure for them. So they’re able to stay with us all year, and we still do the hand-feedings every day as weather permits. I say weather permits, because the indoor enclosure is just for them, it’s not for our guests unless it’s a behind-the-scenes experience. But that will be something in the near future that will be addressing as well. So after we got the giraffe in, we were kind of rocking and rolling, and things just, we started adding some other things. We really got the animal collection in a good spot. And so there were other opportunities that we wanted to look at where we could start to make sure that all different types of guests wanted to come. Not just our kids and our families, we love them, but we want to be able to bring in young adults for date, night, or date day, or whatever that is. You got to start to diversify your audience once you have the product in the operation running. So 2015 rolls around, and we were able to acquire, through the state, a public venue license to sell alcohol on premises. Obviously, we’re not trying to throw a party every day or a zoo, right? But it’s a compliment to an experience for certain adults that want to engage in that and have that as an option. And it’s a fun, a relaxing way to enjoy a walk around the zoo, observing the animals and enjoying the nature and everything. So we did that, we opened a bar called Zubru, and we put it right by the bison because they’re in favor, and I also liked the bar, too, so that was also fun. And we opened a beer garden shortly after that that attached to that, but also the same year in that effort to really widen our demographic. And I’m not even just talking about the young adults, but also our kids and those like the tweens that might kind of be aged out of the zoo experience in their mind, but in my mind, a zoo experience is for everybody every day. Let’s just point that out. But anyhow, so we opened a zip line course. We partnered with a company and we did like a profit chair. So they put in most of the investment, which was great for us. So that way we weren’t having to put up the cash, but then they also ran the operations. So they brought the expertise and the knowledge. And that just opened the doors again, you know, to another group, another age set that we hadn’t really tapped into before. And then it’s basically like a gateway to so many other things, which I can keep. Yeah, tell us like this evolution here, you know, you got the bar, you got the beer garden, you got the zip line, maybe you can kind of talk about how maybe your marketing evolves along that process. Like how are you promoting these new experiences that go beyond pure animal? Yeah, absolutely. I mean, so we had to, you know, look at the marketing in so many different ways now. We’re not just looking for the families in the young kids situation. We needed to tap in in all sorts of other ways. So we were using our social media in a lot of different ways, you know, and this was, we’re talking around 2015, 2016. So I mean, to talk about it now, it kind of just seems like old hat, right? Like you got, you got to be leaning into that, but at that point, it was still like, I wouldn’t say new, but still untapped potential for what you could do. So that’s where we started to really try to invest more in our social. And that way we could tap into those, you know, young adults that are using that all the time, obviously, to get them engaged, to get them over here. But we also used the marketing to and did it in ways so that there was special events, specifically, you know, aimed at those individuals so they knew that they had a welcome opportunity to come to the zoo. It would be something they’re interested in. So whether it was happy hours or we would do after hours, you know, festival type things, we did an event where it’s a sampling event and you come and you try wine or you try beer, the liquors, all that sort of stuff. So we just wanted to make sure that not only were they thinking, not just in the box of I’m going to a zoo, but I’m going to something that’s so much more in addition to that experience. You’re listening to the Marketing Attractions podcast. Conversations on how non-profit attractions are increasing attendance and sharing their mission through marketing. Your hosts are Ryan Dick and Jenny Williams of attend media. Attend media is a media planning and buying agency, specializing in zoos, aquariums, gardens and museums. For more information, please visit attend.media. Now back to Ryan and Jenny. So you’ve been removing all these kind of barriers to entry. If I’m a 22 year old and I’m thinking of Algrin the zoo, you know, you guys at El Maldzoore saying no, you haven’t. There’s so much we have to offer everyone. But I’m super interested in hearing more about this kind of yappy hour events and how that came about. Can you share some the dog program that you’ve worked on and reaching those dog moms too? Yeah, absolutely. So that really started out of the brain of Al, our CEO. And he was just posing the question, which I love. Ask questions, right? We’re animal lovers. Dog lovers are animal lovers. Dogs are a part of people’s families, basically. They take them everywhere. They are a part of the family. Why can’t they come to the zoo? We have animals here. There’s got to be a way. How can we make this make sense? So he asked the question. And he really did his due diligence in terms of making sure that everyone was on board because if nobody’s on board or you have people that are on board for it, that kind of program just will not work well at a zoo. You know, we have all different kinds of people here that work passionately for this institution. And they are also passionate about the animals that they care for. So they want to make sure that obviously we have dogs coming in, they’re not going to rough, many feathers pun intended, I think, right there. So yeah, we went through the process and we did a lot of trial and error, a lot of rehearsals. We had the staff bring in their own dogs just to see how everything would go. And then we put the rules in place that everyone was comfortable with. And I can say from then up until now, we really have had no incidents. I’m looking forward to really expanding the program, but to talk about what it is as it stands, we do a handful of days a week where families can bring in their dogs, they can pay a mission ticket for their dog or they can get a membership for their dog, which I think is the cutest thing ever. That’s perfect Eric, Eric, I already talk about. And so we do that on the daily and then we also do these special events called Gapy Hours. So those are after hours events that you can bring the dog and the bars open and they’re special and we can bring in a bit more of a population of dogs than during the normal day just because it’s kind of in a certain area so you can keep other exhibits offline and stuff like that. But it’s proven to be, while not like a huge, huge revenue generator, it’s more of, it’s been a great, I want to say, marketing tool because it has opened us up to so many new opportunities with new guests and other things. And anecdotally, I will tell you, I have a friend that had initially just started coming to the zoo because of the Gapy Hours. They have a little corgi that is like their pride and joy and they were so excited when they heard about these Gapy Hours. It’s just another thing for them to be able to go and take their dog to. So they got here and they were having so much fun, they came up a whole bunch of those and then don’t you know, they then go and they have a beautiful baby son and now they’re coming as a family during the day, which is great. Now they have a membership, they’ve been to every event that we have under the sky. But then they also started bringing mom groups with them. So then we’re, and those people had never been to the zoo and now they all have memberships. And so it just speaks to the idea that like no idea is a bad idea, you should always, you know, at least kick the tires on and see if it’s something worth looking into if you think it’s a good idea. And even if it seems like, wow, it’s a zoo, we’re not gonna, why would we let dogs in? Like, it’s worth asking the question and pushing it a little bit to see where you can get. And you know, I said I would like to expand that program because I think there’s a lot more untab potential there. So I’m excited to see where we can go with it. But from what it has yielded for us and generated, it’s been really cool just to see kind of that rolling effects to build from coming with your dog to now you’re bringing a whole bunch of other families that were never at the zoo before. So it starts small and it gets bigger and bigger. And now they’ll all be bringing other friends and other friends. So it’s just a really cool way that it kind of blossomed. And I mean, talk about just marketing gold there in terms of the content you’ve got, I mean, I think people love to show off their kids on social, but they love to show their pets off even more. Oh my gosh, absolutely. And everyone want to share that. Like those ones too and share those ones too, right? Yeah. We had dog influencers at one of our happy hours. I didn’t know that was a thing. But they have a huge fan base and they were so cool. These dogs are really cool. And you know, we actually got connected to them because we work really closely with our local tourism board. It’s the Valley Forge Tourism and Convention Board. So they, they always, their tagline is basically something along the lines of we have 99 golf courses. We have X-Many hotels. This, that, the other thing, all in Montgomery County and it always ends with, and we have one zoo. So we worked with them to get those dog influencers over here, but that was kind of just a little nugget of like their involvement and their creativity and wanting to help us kind of keep that bowl rolling and make that even more interesting than it already was. Brilliant idea. I love it. Let’s talk about Elmwood, Elmwood Park Zoo becoming the first certified autism center. You know, kind of this barriers of entry, how do we get new or audiences? Audiences that might not become into the zoo every day. How do we reach out, build something specifically for a segment of the population? Yeah. So my involvement with this program actually first started when I saw a release about Sesame Place, right down the, down the street and is it laying more than I think? They had been designated as the first amusement park to be a certified autism center. And I had never heard of this before and I was so curious. So my self and our director at GetServices Morgan, we started looking into it and realized this is a really great opportunity for us to get more education about more accommodations for our guests with all different kinds of abilities. And so it was through a group called the International Bureau. It’s IBBCES. I don’t want to put your name so I’ll just go with their acronym. Sorry guys. But they’re great. They provide, so you basically you’ll engage and partner them and they will give you the training for X-Sember of Employees. They will give you an on-site evaluation. They’ll work with you to create what’s called a social narrative. So that’s something that individuals can read before they come to the zoo. So they have an understanding of what the experience is going to be like. They also help us with the sensory guide, which basically rates every single area of the zoo on a scale of the five senses of what’s more sensitive versus more intense kind of situation. So there’s a lot of those different things that is included with that and it provides a much more well-prepared and rounded experience for those guests that do need that. And like Jenny you were saying earlier, we want to be taking barriers down as often as possible for people. We don’t want to have any walls up. We want everyone coming here and feeling comfortable and accommodated. And so this was really just the first step for us to get there. But we did get the designation as the world’s first zoo to be a certified autism center. And I believe that was back in 2018. And it’s a really it’s a very proud thing for the zoo. We’re really proud of taking that kind of step in that direction. And we’ve seen that a lot of other institutions have done that since then. And you know, I will say that it’s an absolutely great piece for marketing because we want those individuals to come here and feel comfortable. And we want to make sure that they know that we’re here for them. So it’s just another way for us to make them feel more comfortable and have everything they need. And we build that in our programming now. So everything that’s being built moving forward has that kind of in mind. We just opened a brand new state of the art 39,000 square foot building. I knew that hospital, a new welcome center, new gift store, ticketing, a welcome plaza, you know, exhibits all up front. And this was a piece that was definitely of top mind. So included in our new building is a a restroom designated specifically for adults with special needs. We have an adult changing table that is on a electric up and down for lack of a better word. But that was one piece. We were like, we want to make sure that this is included because we want to make sure that all of our guests have that opportunity to have those accommodations because that could be the end of the day for somebody if there’s a problem. For them to have that resource instead of having to leave and go home, you know, it’s really important to do that. We have guests with special needs that are in their adult ages and so they have elderly parents taking care of them. So we want to make sure that those guys can come here and not have to worry about that type of thing. And then it kind of just, you know, runs the gamut from there in terms of wanting to make sure that everybody has what they need as best as we can. Yeah. Like you guys are taking these, I mean, I love that philosophy, right? A zoo is a place for everybody, but then you’re mixing that with like innovative, innovative ideas and then actual execution, you know, I mean, you said this dog program took a couple of years to get it from an idea to, oh my gosh, we’re actually selling dog tickets right now. You know, so it’s the coming from a good place, the innovative idea, gosh, I can’t say that word, an innovative idea and then the actual execution of it. I mean, that’s probably why this zoo looks dramatically different than it did 10, 12, 14 years ago. Yeah, it’s pretty wild and it’s just a testament to the team that we have here and they’re willing this to continue to adapt and be flexible and be open to new ideas because without them, we can’t, we can’t push that, roll that ball up the hill, push forward, move forward, you know, and it’s also again, a testament to them in the sense that they also are on the front lines and they’re providing the feedback about what these guests need, you know, so it’s a great all-around team effort for us in terms of just constantly trying to find ways to take those barriers away. Eric, I can see why you’re in that role. You’re a team player. All right. Um, here it comes, our famous last question. Jenny, you want to do the honors for this one? All right, Eric. You guys do so much on what zoo? Help our listeners out with what do you think other zoos and cultural attractions should be doing more of or perhaps even less of when it comes to marketing their attraction? I would say that all institutions, not just zoos, not just aquariums, we don’t have to put ourselves in boxes all the time. Um, and that’s why I would say open this up to anybody, right? Never think that there’s something that you should stay within just because you’re a zoo, just because you’re an aquarium. At the end of the day, we’re all here for the same mission, which is to support the animals at our institution and to support species arrival and conservation. So I don’t think that any kind of idea is a crazy idea. It’s any, all ideas are worth exploring, um, you know, two degree. Like I said, kick those tires, ask the impossible question, um, and see where it gets you, um, because sometimes it’s going to get you pretty far and it might turn into something really amazing. So, you know, from a marketing standpoint, don’t, don’t be afraid of the, of so many of the what ifs. Uh, how about the like the what kind of bees instead or something like that, I guess? Um, so yeah, always, always keep pushing, don’t ever keep yourself limited in what you think you can do as a zoo or as an institution, because there’s always going to be a solution. That’s what I do every day is figure out solutions for the craziest thing. So nothing seems crazy to me anymore. Um, maybe that’s a problem. But in aeratology, a solution. Well, it’s funny because it’s like the 14 or 15 year old, I saw when you’re kind of talking about your journey and getting into this into the zoo. You said, I actually wrote this down on my notes. Yeah, I’ll do that. So it’s kind of carrying over to now. It’s, yeah, let’s, let’s give it a shot. Let’s explore it. It’s like the classic improver will yes end. Yeah, it’s like going right? Love that. All right, Eric Donovan, the COO of the Elwyn Park Zoo, Eric, thank you so much for your time. Good stuff, man. Thank you so much. Thank you for listening to the Marketing Attractions podcast. 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